Transformer Coupled CE Amplifier

Engineeering Projects
basic circuit of transformer coupled CE amplifier

Figure 1 gives the basic circuit of a transformer coupled CE amplifier stage. In figure 1, a current source Is having shunt source resistance Rs drives the amplifier through a transformer TR1. Load resistance RL is fed from the collector output circuit through a transformer TR2. A transformer coupled CE amplifier finds following applications: As input stage of a multistage simplified and usually driven by a microphone. As output stage feeding the load impedance and As intermediate stage Transformer coupling permits impedance matching thereby resulting in greater power gain. The…

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Smart Dustbin using Arduino Uno

Engineeering Projects
smart dustbin circuit using arduino uno

Dustbin have been important part of our life. But, the issue we have to deal is its open cap. Due to this open cap, insect and flies visit the garbage and also the same flies roam around out kitchen or lunch buffet. This leads to serious health issue. In order to solve this issue, we had design here a Smart Dustbin using Arduino Uno. This smart dustbin automatic open its cap when we pass our hand above it. Component Required for Smart Dustbin usign Arduino Uno Arduino Uno Board Servo…

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Antilogarithmic Amplifier | Derivation

Engineeering Projects
anti log amplifier circuit

Antilogarithmic amplifier is one whose output is antilogarithmic (exponential) of input. Like logarithmic amplifier, antilogarithmic is also a non-linear amplifier. Antilogarithmic Amplifier using Single Transistor The circuit arrangement for Antilogarithmic amplifier is illustrated in figure 1. Here a general purpose NPN transistor is connected to inverting input of op-amp. A resistor is connected in feedback path. The output is depending upon output current of transistor and feedback resistor. Now for diagram, output voltage can be written as              …..(1) Where, Is = Saturation current VT = Thermal Voltage As we…

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Logarithmic Amplifier using Diode and Transistor

Engineeering Projects
logarithmic amplifier using single diode

Logarithmic Amplifier using Diode and Transistor It produces output that is proportional to the logarithmic input It is a non-linear amplifier used for amplification or compression of a wide range of input signals for better resolution. It can be used direct DB display on a spectrum analyzer. You may also like: Antilogarithmic Amplifier Log Amplifier using a Single Diode and Op-Amp The circuit arrangement for the logarithmic amplifier/converter is illustrated in figure 1. Here a silicon diode D is connected in the feedback path and the current via the diode…

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Earthquake detector | Indicator Circuit using Vibration Sensor

Engineeering Projects
earthquake detector output 1

Earthquake Detector Circuit using Vibration Sensor Here, in this article you will find step by step tutorial on earthquake detector and indicator circuit using vibration sensor which detect the seismic vibration of earth and alert by generation beep sound. Previously, we had already posted two different projects on earthquake detection and indication Earthquake detector using arduino an acceleration Earthquake alarm Earthquake detector using arduino utilize accelerometer in order to detect seismic vibration where earthquake alarm uses geo-mechanical detector. But in the project posted here utilize piezo vibration sensor for MEAS…

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Instrumentation Amplifier | Derivation | Advantage

Engineeering Projects
three op-amp instrumentation amplifier

This article is all about instrumentation amplifier, its derivation, configuration, advantage and disadvantage. We had also try to describe different types of instrumentation amplifier like single op-amp based instrumentation amplifier, instrumentation amplifier using two and three op-amp. The electrical transducer low level output signal often require to be amplified before further processing and this task is usually get accomplish by use of instrumentation amplifier. There are several important characteristics of an instrumentation amplifier that set it apart from operational amplifier. Instrumentation amplifier have finite gain which is selectable within precise value…

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Car Lock System using Arduino and GSM

Engineeering Projects
car lock system using arduino and gsm

Security is a major concern in today’s world. Criminal minded people, who find robbing as a better way of earning, are increasing more day by day. Previously, we had posted Accident Detection and alert system using arduino which also works on same logic. Automobiles are more vulnerable to theft since there are tons of vehicles left unused and the fact that each part of the system provides quite a good amount of money makes it more fascinating. Among many other automobiles, cars top the list of being stolen globally. Thieves…

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Touch Switch Circuit using Transistor

Engineeering Projects
touch switch circuit using bc547

Today, I have come up with another simple but very applicable project ‘Touch Switch Circuit using Transistor’. With this simple project, you can modify your existing electrical/ electronic appliance with a modern touch facility. A few days earlier I bought a reading lamp from one of the Chinese stores, the design of the Chinese product is quite impressive. The thing that motivates me to write this post is touch facilities i.e. you can on and off the lamp by simply touching the touch plate. The circuit posted here used two…

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Interface 4×4 Keypad and ATmega32 with Single Pin

Engineeering Projects
proteus simulation output 2

How to interface the 4×4 keypad and atmega32 with a single pin? While working with most of the electronic projects, you might have noticed one thing in common; they involve several multiple connections between the components used and the microcontroller. Well, it does seem a necessity too, since doing some hardware work in a certain way is not a piece of cake. Because of this, we are compelled to remove some components or include an additional microcontroller in the project which makes it bulkier and less convenient. To address this…

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Application of Op-Amp

Engineeering Projects
circuit of summing amplifier

What are the application of op-amp (operational amplifier)? Op-Amp may perform numerous mathematical operations; hence the name operational amplifier. We here consider some of the applications of Op-Amp. Thus, consider the ideal inverting Op-Amp of figure 1 with voltage shunt feedback through Zf. Equation 1 may be used to secure various operations as analog inverter and paraphase amplifier, scale changer, phase shifter, analog adder, current-to-voltage converter etc.        …..(1) Analog Inverter and Paraphase Amplifier: In Figure 1, Let Z1 = Zf, then AVf = -1 and V0 =…

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