Troubleshooting a Traveling Wave Tube Amplifier

Engineeering Projects
travelling wave tube amplifier troubleshooting

Before continuing about troubleshooting of traveling wave tube amplifier we have some initial considerations include: To make construction of the tube RF output circuit simple, the collector and helix are grounded. The cathode will be above ground and have a negative voltage on it as shown in figure 1. The helix is delicate and helix current will be small. The collector draws nearly all the current. The helix will be protected with an over current relay that kills the power supplies. Never defeat this relay because the tube can be…

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Arduino and RFID Based Attendance System

Engineeering Projects
arduino and rfid based attendance system circuit

The project Arduino and RFID Based Attendance System is simple and is used at any place where attendance is taken for maintaining the register. Previously we had posted a project using RFID and microcontroller AT89C52 called RFID Based Security System using Microcontroller AT89C52 used for the open door. Similarly, Arduino and RFID-based Door Access System RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) uses an electromagnetic field to detect unique tags assigned to object in the vicinity. An RFID tag is more secure and conventional because RFID traces tags hidden inside objects, unlike bar…

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IC 555 Based Automatic evening lamp

Engineeering Projects
automatic evening lamp using 555

The project “IC 555 based Automatic Evening Lamp” is simple and built around timer IC 555 and LDR. The bulb used in the circuit is turned on automatically in low light (evening) and turned off in the morning. Various other automatic night lamp circuit is already posted on betsengineeringprojects.com. Some are listed here, Automatic Night Lamp Circuit using TRIAC and SCR, Automatic night lamp using 7486 IC, Light Sensor Switch Circuit using LDR, and 741 IC. The circuit posted here is a standalone automatic evening lamp; simply you have to connect…

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DIY Distance Measurement using GPS and ATmega328P

Engineeering Projects
distance measurement using GPS and ATmega328

Whenever we thought about distance measurement, an image of a circuit designed using an ultrasonic sensor is formed in our minds. But today we are going to present here a distance measurement project using the GPS (Global Positioning Measurement) module. The project named DIY Distance Measurement uses GPS and ATmega328 which measure the distance between two positions using the haversine formula. The start point is the position where switch SW1 (Reading Switch) is pressed and the endpoint is the position when switch SW2 is pressed (Switch Switch). Thus, the circuit…

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DIY Soccer Substitution Board using AT89C51

Engineeering Projects
diy soccer substitution board using at89c51

Various types of soccer substitution boards are easily available in the market but these all are very expensive (cost around $200). So, I decided to design a project called DIY Soccer Substitution Board using AT89C51. The feature of the project DIY soccer substitution board is listed below. Low cost and low maintenance. Microcontroller based system thus programmed as per our wish Simple and easily understandable circuit and code. Four individual buttons switch to increase and decrease the score of two teams. Circuit Description of DIY Soccer Substitution Board using AT89C51…

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DIY Breathalyzer using Arduino and MQ-3 Sensor Module

Engineeering Projects
author prototype of breathalyzer using arduino

Few day ago, I got an email from one of reader of bestengineeringprojects.com asking about how does the traffic police know the concentration of alcohol present in our breadth. For that purpose, I had designed a project called DIY Breathalyzer using various easily available electronics components. Before starting about description of project I would like to describe what breathalyzer is. The breathalyzer or breathalyzer is an electronic device which is used to estimate the concentration of alcohol available in breath sample. This device is usually carried by traffic police, medical…

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Antenna Symbols | Symbols of Antenna

Engineeering Projects
symbol of antenna

Before talking about various types of antenna symbols I would like to describe about antennas. Antennas for use at microwave frequencies. Antennas serve either or both of the following two functions: the generation and the collection of electromagnetic energy. In the transmission system, a radio-frequency signal is developed, amplified, modulated, and applied to the antenna. The RF current flowing through the antenna produces electromagnetic waves that radiate into the atmosphere. In a receiving system, electromagnetic waves “cutting” through the antenna induce alternating currents for use by the receiver. To have…

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Microcontroller AT89C51 based Metro Train Prototype

Engineeering Projects
circuit diagram of metro train prototype

The project posted here is of Microcontroller AT89C51 based Metro Train Prototype which shows how metro train works. The project uses two motors, one is used for opening and closing the door and other is used for moving the train forward. This prototype of metro train is a good example of embedded system. Before talking about circuit description and working let clear the concept of embedded system. Embedded System: An embedded system is an electronic or electromechanical system designed to perform a specific function and is a combination of both hardware…

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DIY Digital Compass using ATmega8

Engineeering Projects
circuit diagram of digital compass using atmega8

The DIY project Digital compass posted here utilizes an OLED display to show the direction (i.e. north). Another feature of this project is, it shows real data and time. DIY Digital Compass using ATmega8 A conventional compass utilizes a needle or a dial kept inside a compass rose. The conventional compass work on the principle of the earth’s magnetic field. But the projects DIY Digital Compass using ATmega8 posted here use the sun position to show the direction, unlike the magnetic field. Thus, this DIY Digital Compass is not affected…

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DIY Light Detector Circuit using LED

Engineeering Projects
circuit diagram of light detector using LED

Today we come with a unique idea i.e. Photodiode using LED. This project utilized an LED to detect and respond to the presence and absence of light. Before starting the description and working of circuit DIY Light Detector Circuit using LED, we would like to describe a few electronics components. LED: Light-emitting diode is a photoelectric device that converts electrical energy into light energy. It is a heavily doped P-N junction diode that under forwarding bias emits spontaneous radiation. Photodiode: Photodiode is an optoelectronic device in which current carriers are…

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