Engineering Projects

In the article “Excess-3 Gray to Decimal Decoder” we will discuss about its key parameters, application and other details. As illustrated in figure 1(a), this type of decoder has a 4-bit input and a straight decimal output. The 4-bit input, however, is not encoded according to the BCD system but rather according to the excess-3 (gray) code. The difference becomes apparent in the truth table of table 1. This type of code is usually used in special military or industrial applications and is not frequently found in digital computers. In…

In this article, we will discuss BCD to the decimal decoder and BCD to 7 segment decoder its key parameters, application, and comments. BCD to Decimal Description: This type of decoder is probably the most widely used in all digital systems because it changes the inherent binary codes used within the system to the decimal code used by the human operators. Figure 1 illustrates the function block of a basic BCD-to-decimal decoder. Four input lines represent the decimal numbers 0 through 9. This type of decoder is often used in…

In this article we will discuss about decoder and encoder IC, its key parameter and its application. Let’s start with its description Description Decoder and Encoder IC Decoders are essentially an arrangement of logic elements that are combined to change from one digital code to another. The term “decoder” is most frequently used but, depending on the point of view, the term “encoder” is equally correct. Figure 1 shows the logic diagram of a 3-bit binary-to-1-of-8 decoder. The inputs A, B, and C can represent any logic function, and the…

In the article 5-Decade Counter with Multiplexed Output we will discuss about decade counter it’s key parameter and its applications. Let’s start with description. 5-Decade Counter with Multiplexed Output Description This IC is an example of a specific system function implementation. As illustrated in figure 1, the IC contains five-decade counters in cascade. In effect, then, the first counter, 100, will count from 0through 9, the second counter 101, will count from 10 to 90, and so on. The total maximum count of this unit is 99,999. The output of…

In this article we will discuss about two different counter IC, Programmable and Up Down Counter IC. Programmable divide by N counter IC (F4526) and UP Down counter (SN74192). We will discuss about key parameter and applications. At first we will discuss about programmable divide by N counter and then Up Down Counter. Programmable Divide by N Counter Description Each flip-flop (FF) in this counter can be programmed for either 0 or 1, allowing the user to determined the desired division of the input (clock) frequency. A set of program…

In the article “Asynchronous Counter IC | SN74196”, we will discuss key parameters and applications of asynchronous counter IC SN74196. Let’s start with a description. Description of Asynchronous Counter IC | SN74196 This type of counter can be accepting data that occur at any time. Whenever a new transition appears at the input, the effect of this change ripples down through the series of flip-flops (FF). Because there is no clock input to control the transition of each FF, an asynchronous counter is more subjected to ransom noise than the…